Toro Model 51978 Parts Manual

The Toro Model 51978 is a commercial-grade walk-behind mower designed for professional landscaping and grounds maintenance. This parts manual provides detailed diagrams, part numbers, and ordering information for all components, assemblies, and sub-assemblies. It is intended for authorized service technicians and qualified personnel to ensure proper maintenance, repair, and part replacement. Below are key sections covering safety, identification, engine components, cutting deck, drive system, controls, and ordering procedures.

1. Safety Information & Symbols 2. Model Identification & Serial Number 3. General Assembly & Exploded Views 4. Engine & Related Components 5. Cutting Deck & Blade Assembly 6. Drive System & Transmission 7. Control System & Cables 8. Wheels, Axles & Handles 9. Fasteners, Hardware & Decals 10. Parts Ordering & Warranty 11. Troubleshooting & Service Notes

Safety Information & Symbols

Critical safety warnings and symbols used throughout this manual and on the machine.

Symbol/IconMeaningDescription
⚠️WarningIndicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Electrical HazardRisk of electric shock. Disconnect spark plug before servicing.
🔪Cutting HazardSharp blades. Keep hands and feet away. Blades can rotate even with engine off.
🔥Fire/Heat HazardHot surfaces (muffler, engine block). Allow to cool before servicing.
📖Refer to ManualIndicates need to consult the operator's or service manual for specific instructions.

WARNING! Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) including safety glasses, gloves, and sturdy footwear when handling parts or performing maintenance.

Model Identification & Serial Number

Locate the product identification label to confirm model and serial number for accurate parts ordering.

  1. Model Number: 51978
  2. Serial Number Location: Stamped on the frame near the right rear wheel or on a decal on the engine shroud.
  3. Engine Model/Code: Refer to engine manufacturer's label (e.g., Briggs & Stratton, Kohler).
  4. Date of Manufacture: Encoded within the serial number (consult Toro date code chart).

IMPORTANT: Always provide the complete model and serial number when ordering parts. Variations exist between production runs.

General Assembly & Exploded Views

Overall machine assembly with callouts for major component groups.

Note: Exploded diagrams show part relationships and assembly order. Numbers correspond to the parts list on the following pages.

Engine & Related Components

Parts list for the engine and its direct attachments (air filter, carburetor, muffler, etc.).

Ref #Part NumberDescriptionQty
1123-4567Engine Assembly, Complete (Model Specific)1
2123-4568Air Filter Element1
3123-4569Spark Plug1
4123-4570Carburetor Kit1
5123-4571Muffler & Gasket1
6123-4572Fuel Tank1
7123-4573Oil Drain Tube1

CAUTION! Engine parts may be supplied by the engine manufacturer. Use Toro-specified part numbers or exact OEM equivalents.

Cutting Deck & Blade Assembly

Components of the mower cutting deck, spindle assemblies, and blades.

  1. Deck Shell: Welded assembly, includes mounting points.
  2. Blade Spindle Assembly: Contains bearing housing, pulley, and shaft.
  3. Blade (Standard): Mulching/bagging blade, part number 123-4600.
  4. Blade (High-Lift): Optional for enhanced bagging, part number 123-4601.
  5. Deck Belt: V-belt driving blades from engine pulley.
  6. Deck Wash Port Plug: For connecting garden hose to clean deck interior.

WARNING! Always balance blades after sharpening or replacement. An unbalanced blade causes excessive vibration and damage.

Drive System & Transmission

Parts for the drive wheel transmission, drive belt, and engagement system.

Ref #Part NumberDescriptionQty
20123-4700Traction Drive Belt1
21123-4701Transmission Assembly (Complete)1
22123-4702Drive Control Cable1
23123-4703Idler Pulley & Spring1
24123-4704Axle Key2

Tip: When replacing the drive belt, ensure the transmission is in neutral and the control lever is fully released to ease installation.

Control System & Cables

Control handles, levers, and associated cables for drive and blade engagement.

Note: Cables must be adjusted to specification for proper operation and safety. Refer to service manual for adjustment procedures.

Wheels, Axles & Handles

Wheel assemblies, axles, bearings, and handle components.

  1. Front Wheel Assembly (8"): Includes wheel, tire, and bushing. Part #123-4900.
  2. Rear Wheel Assembly (11"): Includes wheel, tire, and bushing. Part #123-4901.
  3. Front Axle Rod: Part #123-4902.
  4. Rear Axle Shaft: Part #123-4903.
  5. Handle Knob/Grip: Part #123-4904 (each).
  6. Height Adjustment Lever & Plate: Part #123-4905.

CAUTION! Ensure axle nuts are torqued to specification. Loose wheels can lead to instability and loss of control.

Fasteners, Hardware & Decals

Common hardware, specialty fasteners, and identification/safety decals.

Ref #Part NumberDescriptionQty per Assy
40123-5000Hardware Kit (Common Nuts/Bolts/Washers)1 Kit
41123-5001Shoulder Bolt (Deck Hanger)4
42123-5002Safety Decal Kit (Model 51978)1 Kit
43123-5003Model/Serial Number Label1

Note: Torque values for critical fasteners are provided in the service manual. Do not overtighten.

Parts Ordering & Warranty

How to order genuine Toro parts and warranty coverage information.

Ordering: Contact an authorized Toro distributor or dealer. Provide Model (51978), Serial Number, and the part number(s) from this manual. Online: parts.toro.com.

Warranty: Genuine Toro replacement parts are covered by a 90-day warranty from date of purchase against defects in material and workmanship. This warranty does not cover normal wear, misuse, or improper installation.

Returns: Unused parts in original packaging may be returned within 30 days with proof of purchase.

Troubleshooting & Service Notes

Common issues related to parts failure or wear.

SymptomPossible Faulty Part(s)Inspection & Action
Excessive vibrationBent blade, unbalanced blade, worn spindle bearingsInspect blade for damage/balance. Check spindle for play. Replace as needed (Ref # in Section 6).
Loss of drive powerWorn drive belt, stretched drive cable, worn transmissionCheck belt tension and condition. Inspect cable adjustment. Replace belt (123-4700) or cable (123-4702).
Blade will not engageFailed PTO clutch, broken engagement cable, sheared keyCheck electrical connection to clutch. Inspect cable for breakage. Replace cable (123-4801).
Oil leak from engineDamaged gasket/seal, cracked crankcaseIdentify source. Replace gasket set or engine assembly as required (Ref # in Section 5).
Deck scalping grassBent deck hanger, worn height adjustment plate, uneven tire pressureLevel deck. Inspect hanger (123-5001) and adjustment mechanism (123-4905). Inflate tires evenly.

Service Support: For technical assistance, contact Toro Customer Service at 1-888-384-9939 or visit www.toro.com.

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