Toro 51978 Parts Manual

The Toro 51978 is a commercial-grade walk-behind mower designed for professional landscaping and heavy-duty residential use. This parts manual provides detailed information on all components, assemblies, and replacement parts for the Toro 51978 mower, including the engine, cutting deck, drive system, controls, and safety features. Below are key sections for identification, engine parts, deck assembly, drive train, controls, maintenance parts, and ordering information.

1. Model Identification & Specifications 2. Engine Assembly & Components 3. Cutting Deck & Blade Assembly 4. Drive System & Transmission 5. Control Assembly & Handles 6. Wheels, Axles & Bearings 7. Safety & Interlock Components 8. Maintenance & Replacement Kits 9. Fasteners & Hardware 10. Parts Diagrams & Exploded Views 11. Ordering Information & Support

Model Identification & Specifications

Key identifiers: Model number 51978, Serial number location on frame near engine mount. Engine: Toro Commercial 190cc OHV engine. Cutting Width: 21 inches. Drive Type: Self-propelled rear-wheel drive. Fuel Type: Unleaded gasoline. Oil Capacity: 20 oz. Deck Material: 11-gauge steel.

SpecificationDescription
Model Number51978
Engine TypeToro Commercial 190cc OHV, 4-cycle
Cutting Width21 inches
Drive SystemSelf-propelled, variable speed
Fuel Tank Capacity1.1 quarts
Deck Height Adjustments7 positions (1-3.5 inches)
Starter TypeRecoil
Wheel Size (Front/Rear)8 inches / 11 inches
Weight85 lbs
WarrantyCommercial 3-year limited

Engine Assembly & Components

Complete breakdown of the Toro 190cc OHV engine and related parts.

  1. Cylinder & Piston Assembly: Includes cylinder head, piston rings, connecting rod.
  2. Crankshaft & Camshaft: Main rotating assemblies with bearings.
  3. Carburetor & Fuel System: Fuel pump, fuel lines, air filter assembly.
  4. Ignition System: Spark plug, ignition coil, flywheel.
  5. Lubrication System: Oil sump, dipstick, oil fill tube.
  6. Exhaust System: Muffler, exhaust guard, heat shield.

WARNING! Disconnect spark plug before servicing engine components. Use only Toro-approved replacement parts.

Cutting Deck & Blade Assembly

Parts for the 21-inch cutting deck, blade system, and height adjustment.

  1. Deck Shell: Main deck housing, part number 51978-001.
  2. Blade Spindle Assembly: Includes spindle housing, bearings, and shaft.
  3. Cutting Blades: High-lift mulching blade, part number 51978-002.
  4. Deck Belt: Drive belt for blade engagement, part number 51978-003.
  5. Height Adjustment Lever & Linkage: Control rod and lever assembly.
  6. Discharge Chute & Guard: Safety chute and mounting hardware.

CAUTION! Always ensure blades are stopped and engine is off before accessing deck components.

Drive System & Transmission

Control Assembly & Handles

Handle assembly, control levers, and operator interface components.

Handle: Main handlebar with grip, part number 51978-005. Control Levers: Drive control lever, blade engagement lever. Cables: Throttle cable, drive control cable, blade engagement cable. Bail Arm: Operator presence control (safety bail). Height Adjust Lever: Lever for cutting height adjustment. Hardware: Bolts, nuts, and brackets for assembly.

Wheels, Axles & Bearings

Front and rear wheel assemblies, axles, and bearing components.

  1. Front Wheels: 8-inch diameter with bushings, part number 51978-006.
  2. Rear Wheels: 11-inch diameter with drive hub, part number 51978-007.
  3. Axles: Front axle rod, rear axle shaft with keyway.
  4. Bearings: Wheel bearings, spindle bearings, part number 51978-008.
  5. Retaining Hardware: Axle nuts, washers, cotter pins.

Tip: Lubricate axle points periodically to ensure smooth operation.

Safety & Interlock Components

Safety switches, interlocks, and protective components.

  1. Operator Presence Control: Bail arm and switch assembly.
  2. Blade Engagement Switch: Prevents blade operation without operator.
  3. Engine Ignition Interlock: Safety module part number 51978-009.
  4. Safety Labels: Warning decals for blade, fuel, and operation.
  5. Discharge Chute Guard: Protective cover for grass discharge.

WARNING! Never bypass safety interlocks. Replace faulty safety components immediately.

Maintenance & Replacement Kits

Recommended maintenance parts and kit assemblies.

Air Filter Kit: Includes pre-filter and main filter. Spark Plug: Toro approved replacement. Oil Change Kit: Oil and filter. Blade Sharpening Kit: Blade balancer and sharpening stone. Belt Replacement Kit: Deck and drive belts. Tune-Up Kit: Includes air filter, spark plug, oil.

Fasteners & Hardware

Bolts, nuts, washers, and specialized fasteners for assembly.

CAUTION! Use only grade-5 or higher hardware for structural components. Refer to torque specifications.

Parts Diagrams & Exploded Views

Detailed exploded-view diagrams for each assembly with part numbers and quantities.

Diagram 1: Engine Assembly (Page 12). Diagram 2: Cutting Deck (Page 14). Diagram 3: Drive System (Page 16). Diagram 4: Control Assembly (Page 18). Diagram 5: Wheel & Axle (Page 20). All diagrams include reference numbers corresponding to parts list.

Ordering Information & Support

IssuePossible CauseParts Solution
Engine won't startFuel system, spark plugReplace fuel filter, spark plug (part 51978-010).
Poor cutting performanceDull blade, deck wearReplace blade (51978-002), check deck belt.
Drive system failureBelt wear, transmissionReplace drive belt (51978-004).
Excessive vibrationUnbalanced blade, bearingReplace blade or spindle bearing (51978-008).
Safety interlock failureFaulty switchReplace operator presence switch (51978-009).

Ordering: Contact Toro Commercial Parts at 1-800-348-2424 or visit www.toro.com/en/parts.

Support: Technical assistance available at 1-888-384-9939.

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